關(guān)于高考英語(yǔ)的常考詞匯
高考英語(yǔ)常考詞匯
under age 未成年,未達(dá)到規(guī)定年齡
He was rejected by the army because he was under age. 他因尚未成年而被拒絕參軍。
You shouldn’t sell cigarettes to teenagers who are under age. 你不應(yīng)該把香煙賣(mài)給沒(méi)未成年的青少年。
under arrest 被捕
You are under arrest in the name of the law. 你被依法逮捕了。
He was soon put [placed] under arrest. 他不久就被逮捕了。
under attack遭受攻擊
The company has come under fierce attack for its decision to close the factory. 因?yàn)闆Q定要關(guān)閉工廠,公司受到猛烈攻擊。
under consideration 在考慮中;在研究中
The question is now under consideration. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題正在考慮中。
The plan is under consideration by the Ministry of Education. 教育部正在研究這個(gè)方案。
under construction 在建造中
The new railway is under construction. 新鐵路正在修建當(dāng)中。
The bridge is under construction. 這座橋正在建造中。
There are two new hotels near here under construction. 附近正在興建兩家新的旅館。
under control 在控制中
They soon got the fire under control. 他們很快把火勢(shì)控制住。
It took the teacher months to bring his class under control. 這個(gè)老師花了幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間才管住了他的班級(jí)。
under copyright 享有版權(quán)
The poem is still under copyright, so you have to pay to quote it. 該詩(shī)仍然享有版權(quán),因此你必須支付引用費(fèi)。
under cover 在隱蔽處;秘密地;在信封或郵包中
Plans for the attack were made under cover. 進(jìn)攻計(jì)劃是秘密制定的。
The check came under cover in yesterday’s mail. 支票是裝在信封里和昨天的信一道寄來(lái)的。
under discussion 在討論中;在審議中
That has no relation to the matter under discussion. 那與正在討論的事無(wú)關(guān)。
That’s another topic that will come under discussion. 那是另一個(gè)要討論的問(wèn)題。
under examination 在檢查中;在審查中
The prisoner was still under examination. 囚犯仍受審。
The proposals are still under examination. 提案仍在審查中。
under fire 在炮火中;被攻擊中
We were under fire from all sides. 我們?cè)獾搅藖?lái)自四面八方的射擊。
The headmaster was under fire for not sending the boys home who stole the car. 校長(zhǎng)由于沒(méi)有開(kāi)除那幾個(gè)偷汽車的學(xué)生,受到責(zé)難。
under guarantee 在保修期內(nèi)
It’s still under guarantee, so the manufacturer will repair it. 保證書(shū)還有效,所以廠家會(huì)給修理的。
The car is still under guarantee, so you should be able to get it repaired free of charge. 汽車還在保修期內(nèi),所以你應(yīng)該可以免費(fèi)修理。
under oath 在法庭上宣過(guò)誓要說(shuō)實(shí)話
The judge reminded the witness that he was still under oath. 那法官提醒證人他已宣誓不作偽證。
under obligation 有義務(wù);一定要
The one who did the damage in under obligation to pay for it. 造成損失的人有義務(wù)賠償。
【注】在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中通常用under an [no] obligation的形式:
You’re under no obligation to pay for goods which you did not order. 沒(méi)有訂購(gòu)的貨物就無(wú)須付款。
She’s under an obligation to him because he lent her money. 因?yàn)樗彦X(qián)錯(cuò)給她了,所以她有償還他的義務(wù)。
高考英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1.if not 如果不…. If so 如果這樣,
2.consider oneself sth 自認(rèn)為是…consider sb sth 認(rèn)為某人是…
3.since then 從那時(shí)起
4.search for a way to do sth 尋找做某事的途徑。
5.thanks to 幸虧,由于,因?yàn)?to為介詞)
6.rid…of… 擺脫,除去get rid of 除去…
7.be satisfied with 對(duì)……感到滿意
8.would rather do than do寧愿,寧可…也不…=woulddo rather than do
9.with the hope of 滿懷希望..
10.in some way 在某種程度上
11.cause damage to 對(duì)… 造成危害。
12.build up 增強(qiáng),強(qiáng)大
13. lead to 導(dǎo)致,造成(to為介詞)
14. focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于
15. keep…from/of 使……免受(影響、傷害等)
高考英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
1)roll
作可數(shù)名詞,表示“滾動(dòng),搖擺”。
還可以表示“名冊(cè)”。
作動(dòng)詞,表示“滾動(dòng),旋轉(zhuǎn)”。
roll by/roll on(歲月,時(shí)光的)流逝。
roll in大量涌入,不期然到達(dá)。
2)folk
作形容詞,表示“民間的”,通常用作定語(yǔ)。
作名詞,表示“人們”。
表示“家人,父母”,常用作復(fù)數(shù) 。
folks也可以用于稱呼對(duì)方。
3)clap
表示“鼓掌,輕拍”。
clap eyes on sb/sth 看見(jiàn)某人/某物
clap sb into prison(未經(jīng)審訊)迅速將某人送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。
4)form
作動(dòng)詞,表示“組成,形成,成立,構(gòu)成”。
form sb up將某人編入隊(duì)伍。
作名詞,表示“形式,外貌,表格”。
常見(jiàn)的詞組有:a matter of form例行公務(wù) after the form of跟……的格式 fill out/in a form填表 in the form of以……的形式 in form在形式上 good/bad form 有禮貌/失禮的行為
on/off form 處于良好的/不佳的狀態(tài) take form成形 take the form of 采取……的形式
in great form精神煥發(fā)
5)earn
表示“賺,掙得,獲得”。
earn one’s living/livilihood/keep/(daily)bread謀生
6)instrument
表示“工具,儀器,手段”。
表示“文件,證件,證券”是法律用語(yǔ),為可數(shù)名詞。
7)hit
作名詞,表示“轟動(dòng)(或風(fēng)行)一時(shí)的人或者是物,成功;打擊”。
make a hit(with sb)給予某人良好的印象
hit也可作動(dòng)詞,表示“打,擊中,碰撞”。如果表示“打某人的腦袋”,一般說(shuō)hit sb on the head。
hit用作引申義,表示“使遭受(自然災(zāi)害,損失,痛苦等):達(dá)到,碰到,猜中”。
在口語(yǔ)中可以表示“突然想起”。
hit on/upon 偶然發(fā)現(xiàn),忽然想到
hit the ceiling/roof 勃然大怒
8)sort
作名詞,表示“種類,類別”。
sort of有幾分,有點(diǎn),有些,在一定程度上
out of sorts心緒不寧,身體不適。
sort作動(dòng)詞,表示“整理,分類”。
sort sth out(from sth)將某物揀出,整理。
9)stick
作動(dòng)詞,表示“黏貼,張貼,堅(jiān)持”。
stick to sth堅(jiān)持或維持某事物(盡管有困難等)繼續(xù)做某事。
stick堅(jiān)持不懈,堅(jiān)持做;遲疑做(用在否定句或者疑問(wèn)句里);氣候。
stich by sb 繼續(xù)支持并忠于某人。
stick together 團(tuán)結(jié)一致
stick with sb/sth 支持某人/某物,保持與某人/某物之間的聯(lián)系。
stick用于疑問(wèn)句或者否定句表示“忍受,容忍”。
10)ability
表示“能力”后接不定式,介詞for ,in 但不能接of doing。
to the best of one’s ability盡所其能。
11)perform
表示“做,完成,履行,執(zhí)行”。
perform也可以表示“提供,演出,表演”。
12)pretend
表示“假裝,裝作”,是及物動(dòng)詞,后面接不定式,that從句,或名詞。
pretend作不及物動(dòng)詞,后接介詞to,表示“自以為有……”,其賓語(yǔ)是“學(xué)問(wèn),智慧,美德”等。
13)attach
attach importance to重視
be/become attach to 連在……上;附屬于;熱愛(ài);依戀
attach to 認(rèn)為有(重要性,意義等);歸因于;適用于。
高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)
1. have a lot/a great deal/much in common 有很多共同之處
have nothing/little in common 沒(méi)有 / 幾乎沒(méi)有共同之處
2. face /accept reality 面對(duì) / 接受現(xiàn)實(shí)
3. go ahead 先走, go through 經(jīng)歷,遭受,通過(guò)
go against 反抗,與 … 不符 go over 反復(fù)研究,仔細(xì)檢查
go in for 愛(ài)好,參加考試或競(jìng)賽
4. result in 導(dǎo)致
result from 起因于 ….
as a result of 由于 ..
5. make an application to sb for sth 向 …. 申請(qǐng) …..
apply for 申請(qǐng) …. apply to 適應(yīng)于 …. 應(yīng)用于 …….
apply…to…. 把 … 應(yīng)用到 …..
6. set a/one’s goal 樹(shù)立目標(biāo),確立目標(biāo) keep goal 守門(mén)
reach/realize one’s goal 達(dá)到目標(biāo) score a goal 進(jìn)一球
7. it was + 時(shí)段 + before…. 過(guò)了 …. 才 …. (從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí))
it was not+ 時(shí)段 + before… 不久就 ….. (從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí))
it will be + 時(shí)段 +before+…. 要不了 ….. 就 …. (從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))
it will not be + 時(shí)段 +before+…. 要過(guò) ….. 才 …. (從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))
8. make + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) ( 要弄清賓補(bǔ)的含義 )
What he said made all of us laugh. 他的話讓我們大家都笑了。
Please speak louder to make yourself heard. 請(qǐng)大聲點(diǎn),以便大家都能聽(tīng)到。
The news of his death made us sad. 他死亡的消息使我們難過(guò)。
We made Tom our monitor 我們讓他當(dāng)我們的班長(zhǎng)。
9. so ….that …. 句型和 such …..that…. 句型的差異。
It is such a heavy box that I can’t carry it. 這個(gè)箱子太重,我搬不動(dòng)。
10. be +of + ( no,some, any,little,much,great 等)抽象名詞 =be + 抽象名詞所對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞
They are of great help (=very helpful) to English learners.
他們對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者來(lái)說(shuō)是很有幫助的。
be + of + 名詞還可以表達(dá)沒(méi)有相應(yīng)形容詞的名詞。
( size, age, color, height, shape. 等)
We are of the same age. 我們一樣大。
高考英語(yǔ)必背固定搭配
1. A great person is a someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.偉人是把自己的生命奉獻(xiàn)給幫助別人的人。
(He started to study ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the science.他開(kāi)始研究生態(tài)學(xué),并決心將他的一生獻(xiàn)身于這門(mén)科學(xué)。He devoted himself entirely to music.他將一生奉獻(xiàn)給了音樂(lè)。)
2. fight against 對(duì)抗,反對(duì),與……作斗爭(zhēng)
We are all brothers in the same fight against injustice.在共同反對(duì)非正義行為的斗爭(zhēng)中, 我們都是同志.
People often have to fight for their liberty.人們往往不得不為自由而戰(zhàn)。
He and his wife are always fighting about who will take after the children. 他與他妻子總是在為由誰(shuí)來(lái)照看孩子而吵架。
3. He worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese soldiers. 作為一個(gè)醫(yī)生他無(wú)私地在中國(guó)工作,并且拯救了很多中國(guó)戰(zhàn)士。
4. He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism; people’s rights; people’s livelihood. 他主張三_義:_、民權(quán)、民生。
5. be free from 免于,不受
A judge must be free from prejudice.法官必須不抱成見(jiàn)。
6. in a peaceful way 以和平的方式
7. be in prison 入獄,在獄中服刑 in the prison 在監(jiān)獄
8. the same…as…和……一樣
9. the first man to land on the moon 第一個(gè)登上月球的人
10. The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life. 第一次見(jiàn)到他的時(shí)候是在我一生中非常艱難的時(shí)期。(定語(yǔ)從句)
11. He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.他十分慷慨地給予我時(shí)間,我為此非常感激。
(He is generous with his money.他花錢(qián)大方。I am grateful to you for helping me.感謝你的幫助。Our grateful thanks are due to you.我們衷心感謝你。)
12. have little education 受的教育少
13. I could not read or write well. 我既不會(huì)讀也不會(huì)寫(xiě)。
14. I worried about whether I would become out of work. 我擔(dān)心我是不是會(huì)失業(yè)。
15. I became more hopeful about my future. 我對(duì)自己的未來(lái)充滿了希望。
(I am hopeful that she will come tomorrow. 我對(duì)她明天要來(lái)抱著希望。)
16. as soon as I could 盡快, 馬上
17. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. (定語(yǔ)從句) 過(guò)去30年來(lái)所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利,阻擋我們的進(jìn)步,一直到今天,我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒(méi)有的階段。
(The 19th century saw many changes. 許多變革發(fā)生于19世紀(jì)。at an early stage in our history在我們的歷史早期)
18. …we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. 我們被置于這樣一個(gè)境地:要么我們_接受低人一等的現(xiàn)實(shí),要么跟政府作斗爭(zhēng)。
19. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候,我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。(Only 位于句首,修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),句子采用部分倒裝的語(yǔ)序;修飾狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),只有主句采用部分倒裝的語(yǔ)序。)
如:① Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.只有這樣,你才能想出解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的辦法。
② Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.叫了三次他才來(lái)參加會(huì)議。
③ Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.病的很重時(shí),他才臥床休息。
Only then did I realize my mistake. 直到那時(shí)我才知道我的錯(cuò)誤.)
20. as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上
As a matter of fact,it is health that counts.事實(shí)上,健康才是最重要的。
As a matter of fact, parents don’t want their children to be in trouble. 事實(shí)上,父母都不希望子女有麻煩。
