六級英語仔細閱讀訓練題(一)

　　Scientists at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston, U. S. , tracked 137,893 nurses aged from 35 to 77 over a ten year period to see how many developed type 2 diabetes. Their dietary habits were closely monitored, including details on how often they ate nuts, particularly walnuts. After allowing for body fat and weight, the researchers found eating walnuts one to three times a month reduced the risk by four per cent, once a week by 13 per cent and at least twice a week by 24 per cent.

　　In a report on the findings the researchers said: "These results suggest higher walnut consumption is associated with a significantly lower risk of type 2 diabetes in women: " Walnuts are rich in healthy fatty acids(脂肪酸)which have been shown to reduce inflammation (炎癥) in the body and protect against heart disease, cancer and arthritis(關節炎). Last year, experts at the University of California Los Angeles also found young men in their twenties and thirties who ate walnuts every day increased their sperm count and boosted their fertility.

　　The research comes just after a Louisiana State University study which showed that eating nuts can reduce people's risk of obesity. The study found that those who consumed varieties such as almonds and pistachios(開心果) demonstrated a lower body weight, body mass index ( BMI) and waist circumference compared to non-consumers. They were also at lower risk of developing heart disease, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

　　56. According to the passage, what does "a global epidemic" ( Line 3, Para. 1 ) refer to?

　　A) A disease.

　　B) Type 2 diabetes.

　　C) Cancer.

　　D) Obesity.

　　57. According to the passage, the research published in the Journal of Nutrition

　　A) was carried out on male nurses.

　　B) is considered as the largest study of walnuts' anti-diabetic effects.

　　C) emphasizes walnuts' anti-diabetic effects.

　　D) is the first study of walnuts' anti-diabetic effects.

　　58. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

　　A) The number of diabetes patients in the UK will double by 2025.

　　B) Type 2 diabetes is mainly triggered by childhood overweight.

　　C) Diet and exercise may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes.

　　D) Type 2 diabetes will cause a significant increase of weight.

　　59. Which of the following is TRUE about the 137,893 nurses tracked by scientists at the Harvard?

　　A) Most of them are female.

　　B) Their eating habits were closely inspected for over ten years.

　　C) Their age is ranging from 35 to 77 years old.

　　D) They have about the same body fat and weight.

　　60. It has been proved that eating nuts can

　　A) lower people's body weight, BMI and waist circumference

　　B) reduce inflammation in the body

　　C) lower people's risk of heart disease, cancer and arthritis

　　D) increase young men's sperm count and boost their fertility

　　六級英語仔細閱讀訓練題答案

　　56.B)。由題干提示定位到第一段：A study of nearly l40，000 women in the U.S.showed that regular helpings of a small portion of nuts can have a powerful protective effect against a disease that is threatening to become a global epidemic.Women…were 24 per cent less likely to develop type 2 diabetes…Eating walnuts...can reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by almost a quarter.

　　詳解：語義理解題。本題考查有關a global epidemic的指代。由定位句“一項對美國近14萬女性進行的研究表明，定期吃一小份堅果對于一種全球性的致命性流行病可以起到很強大的預防作用”可知，該段主題為吃核桃可減少患2型糖尿病的危險，由此可知這個致命性的全球流行病為2型糖尿病，故答案為B)。

　　57.C)。由題干中的Journal of Nutrition定位到第二段第一句：The latest findings，published in the Journal of Nutrition，are not the first to highlight the anti-diabetic effects of walnuts，with earlier research showing similar benefits.

　　詳解：事實細節題。本題考查對刊登在《營養期刊》雜志上的最新研究的理解。定位句提到“刊登在《營養期刊》雜志上的最新研究發現并非是首次強調核桃對糖尿病有預防功效的研究，之前早就有研究表明核桃有類似功效”，C)“強調核桃對糖尿病有預防功效”中的emphasize對應原文的highlight，故為答案。該段最后一句指出“這項研究是針對女性護士們進行的……”，故排除A)“這項研究是對男性護士們進行的”;該段第二句指出“但該項研究被認為是所有研究中最大型的研究之一”，B)表述過于絕對化，故排除;D)“是首次對核桃有預防糖尿病功效的研究”與原文不符，故排除。

　　58.C)。根據題干提示定位到第三段最后一句：Being overweight，physically inactive and having a poor diet are major risk factors for the disease.

　　詳解：推理判斷題。本題考查2型糖尿病的誘導原因。定位句提到“體重超重、不鍛煉身體、不良飲食習慣是糖尿病的主要風險因素。”由此可推知，鍛煉身體、良好的飲食習慣可降低患糖尿病的風險，故C)為答案。由該段首句可知，英國糖尿病患者的人數到2030年會翻番，故排除A);B)“2型糖尿病主要是由少兒時期肥胖引起的”與文意不符，故排除;D)“2型糖尿病將會促使患者明顯得增加體重”是對原文的曲解，故排除。

　　59.C)。由題干中的137，893 nurses和Harvard定位到第四段第一句：Scientists at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston，U.S.，tracked l37，893 nurses aged from 35 to 77 0ver a ten year period to see how many developed type 2 diabetes.

　　詳解：事實細節題。本題考查哈佛公共衛生學院的科學家所追蹤的護士的情況。由定位句可知“美國波士頓哈佛公共衛生學院的科學家們對l37，893名年齡從35歲到77歲的護士跟蹤研究了十年，觀察其中有多少人患2型糖尿病”，故C)為答案。第一段最后一句指出“該項研究的對象為女性”，故排除A)“她們大多數是女性”;B)“在十多年里，她們的飲食習慣受到了嚴格的監控”與原文不符，故排除;該段第三句指出“在考慮了身體脂肪和體重的這類情況后……”，由此可知，所跟蹤護士的身體脂肪和體重并不一樣，故排除D)。

　　60.A)。由題干中eating nuts定位到最后一段第一、二句：The research comes just after a Louisiana State University study which showed that eating nuts Can reduce people’S risk of obesity.The study found that　those who consumed varieties such as almonds and pistachios demonstrated a lower body weight，body　mass index(BMI)and waist circumference compared to non?consun2ers.

　　詳解：事實細節題。本題考查吃各種堅果的益處。定位句指出“路易斯安那州州立大學的一項課題表明吃堅果可以降低人們肥胖的風險，在這之后便展開了相關的研究。經研究證明，那些吃各種堅果如杏仁、開心果的人與那些不吃堅果的人相比，體重相對較低、身體質量指數較低、腰圍相對較細”，A)“降低人們的體重、身體質量指數、腰圍”與原文表述一致，故為答案。B)“能緩解體內炎癥”、C)“降低患心臟病、癌癥和關節炎的危險”和D)“增加精子數量提高了男性生育能力”都是吃核桃的好處，故均排除。

　　六級英語仔細閱讀訓練題(二)

　　There is plenty of complaints about how social media--texting in particular--may be harming children's social and intellectual development. But a new study suggests that constant instant messaging (IM'ing)and texting among teens may also provide benefits, particularly for those who are introverted( 內向的).

　　British researchers studied instant messages exchanged by 231 teens, aged 14 to 18. All of the participants were "regular" or "extensive" IM'ers. In the U. S., two thirds of teens use instant messaging services regularly, with a full third messaging at least once every day.

　　The researchers analyzed 150 conversations in the study, and reported the results in the journal Computers in Human Behavior. In 100 of these chats, the study participant began IM'ing while in a negative emotional state such as sadness, distress or anger. The rest were conversations begun when the participant was feeling good or neutral. After the chat, participants reported about a 20% reduction in their distress--not enough to completely eliminate it, but enough to leave them feeling better than they had before reaching out.

　　"Our findings suggest that IM'ing between distressed adolescents and their peers may provide emotional relief and consequently contribute to their well-being," the authors write, noting that prior research has shown that people assigned to talk to a stranger either in real life or online improved their mood in both settings, but even more with IM. And people who talk with their real-life friends online also report feeling closer to them than those who just communicate face-to-face, implying a strengthening of their bond.

　　Why would digital communication trump human contact? The reasons are complex, but may have something to do with the fact that users can control expression of sadness and other emotions via IM without revealing emotional elements like tears that some may perceive as embarrassing or sources of discomfort. Studies also show that the anonymity( 匿名) of writing on a device blankets the users in a sense of safety that may prompt people to feel more comfortable in sharing and discussing their deepest and most authentic feelings. Prior research has shown that expressive writing itself can "vent" emotions and provide a sense of relief--and doing so knowing that your words are reaching a sympathetic friend may provide even more comfort and potentially be the rapeutic. Researchers also found that introverted participants reported more relief from IM conversations when they were distressed than extraverts ( 內向的) did. As Susan Cain, author of Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World that Can't Stop Talking, wrote recently for TIME: Introverts are often brimming over with thoughts and care deeply for their friends, family and colleagues. But even the most socially skilled introverts sometimes long for a free pass from socializing or talking on the phone. This is what the Internet offers : the chance to connect--but in measured doses and from behind a screen.

　　61. What is the finding of the new study by British researchers?

　　A) Instant messaging will hinder children's social and intellectual development.

　　B) Introverted teens may benefit from constant instant messaging.

　　C) Two thirds of Amebean teens use instant messaging every day.

　　D) American teens aged 14 to 18 are extensive instant messaging users.

　　62. What can be inferred from the results of the study?

　　A) Teens are more likely to send instant messages when feeling distressed.

　　B) Instant messaging can help completely remove teens' negative emotions.

　　C) Chat via instant messaging services makes participants feel good or calm.

　　D) Constant instant messaging can help teens control their negative emotions.

　　63. According to the authors of Computers in Human Behavior,

　　A) talking to strangers on the Internet can improve the mood

　　B) face-to-face talk can strengthen the bond between friends

　　C) people often feel closer to real-life friends than to net friends

　　D) teens feeling bad can benefit from talks via instant messaging

　　64. What does the digital communication enable users to do?

　　A) Avoid embarrassment and discomfort.

　　C) Share and discuss more information.

　　B) Produce more expressive writings.

　　D) Find more sympathetic friends.

　　65. What does Susan Cain say about introverts?

　　A) They do not reveal their thoughts to friends, family and colleagues.

　　B) They tend to feel more distressed about IM conversations than extraverts.

　　C) They are more skillful at the art of socializing than extraverts.

　　D) They at times desire to socialize or talk via social media.

　　六級英語仔細閱讀訓練題答案

　　61.B)。由題干中的new study定位到原文第一段第二句：But a new study suggests that constant instant messaging(IM’ing)and texting among teens may also provide benefits，particularly for those who are introverted(內向的).

　　詳解：事實細節題。本題考查英國科學家的新發現。由定位句可知，有一項新的研究表明，經常性的即時通訊和短信交流也可能有正面效應，尤其是對于那些內向的青少年而言，故答案為B)。A)“即時通訊對孩子的社交能力和智力發展可能會造成傷害”，文章第一段提到，很多人抱怨社會媒體——尤其是短信，對孩子的社交能力和智力發展可能會造成傷害，但這不是科學家的新發現，故排除;C)“在美國，有2/3的青少年每天都使用即時信息服務”，文章第二段第二句提到，在美國，2/3的青少年經常性使用即時信息服務，并沒有說是每天使用，故排除;D)“在美國，l4到18歲的青少年是‘大量’的即時通訊使用者”，文章第二段前兩句提到，英國研究人員抽樣調查的14到18歲的231位青少年都是“大量”的即時通訊使用者，但不代表美國所有14到l8歲的青少年都是如此，D)屬于推斷過度，故排除。

　　62.A)。由題干中的the results of the study定位到原文第三段第一、二句：The researchers analyzed l50 conversations in the study.and reported the results in the journal Computers in Human Behavior.In l00 of these chats，the study participant began IM'ing while in a negative emotional state such ills sadness，distress or anger.

　　詳解：推理判斷題。本題考查對最新研究結果的理解。由定位句可知，研究人員分析了l50條對話，并在《計算機在人類行為研究中的應用》雜志上發表了研究結果。其中100條對話顯示，當研究對象處于悲傷、痛苦或憤怒等消極情緒中時，他們就開始用信息聊天，故答案為A)。B)“信息聊天可以完全消除青少年的消極情緒”，文章第三段最后一句指出，聊天后，大約20%的研究對象表明痛苦減少了——雖然不能完全消除，但是感覺比聊天之前好多了，B)與原文不符，故排除;c)“通過即時通訊來聊天可以讓雙方感覺良好或平靜”，文章第三段第二、三句只是提到被調查者有些時候會在心情好或是心情一般時聊天，C)對原文理解錯誤，故排除;D)“即時通訊聊天可以幫助青少年控制他們的消極情緒”，文章第四段只提到，發現表明青少年與同伴之間通過即時通訊進行情感交流或許能安撫悲痛情緒，D)屬于推斷過度，故排除。

　　63.D)。由題干中的authors of Computers in human Behavior定位到原文第四段第一句：“our findings suggest that IM’ing between distressed adolescents and their peers may provide emotional relief and consequently contribute to their well—bein9.”the authors write…

　　詳解：推理判斷題。本題主要考查對句意的理解。由定位句可知，研究表明青少年與同伴之間通過即時通訊進行情感交流或許能安撫悲痛情緒，因此有助于他們提高幸福感。也就是說，心情不好的青少年可以獲益于即時通訊聊天，故本題答案為D)。A)“與陌生人網聊可以改善情緒”是先前的研究發現，與題干不符，故排除;B)“面對面交流會增進朋友問的友誼”，文章第四段最后一句提到，人們通過網絡與現實生活中的朋友溝通也感覺比面對面談話更親近，無形中增進了他們的友誼，B)與原文的邏輯關系相反，故排除;C)“人們感覺現實中的朋友比網絡中的朋友更親近”文章中并沒有提及，故排除。

　　64.A)。由題干中的digital communication和users定位到文章第五段第二句：The reasons are complex，but may have something to do with the fact that users can control expression of sadness and other emotions via IM without revealing emotional elements like tears that some may perceive as embarrassing or sources of discomfort.

　　詳解： 事實細節題。本題考查電子通訊對人們交流的益處。由定位句可知，在電子通訊過程中，用戶可以控制好悲傷及其他情緒的表達，因為即時通訊可以隱藏諸如眼淚等讓人覺得尷尬或不適的情感元素，故本題答案為A)。B)“創作更多表達性的作品”文中并沒有提及，故排除;c)“分享和討論更多的內容”，文章第五段提到，研究還表明，在電子設備上匿名寫作會使用戶產生一種安全感，讓人們敞開心扉去討論他們最深入、最真實的感覺，這是匿名寫作給人們交流帶來的益處，對于題干來說，C)是片面的，故排除D)“找到更多有同情心的朋友”是對第五段末旬“你的文字如果讓富有同情心的朋友看到了，他會給你更多的安慰”的錯誤理解，故排除。

　　65.D)。由題干中的Susan Cain和introverts定位到文章末段第二旬：But even the most socially skilled introverts sometimes long for a free pass from socializing or talking on the phone.

　　詳解：事實細節題。本題考查蘇珊·凱恩對內向者的即時通訊聊天的觀點。由定位句可知，即使社交能力最強的內向者有時候也會渴望在社交或打電話時能應對自如，故本題答案為D)。A)“內向的人不喜歡向朋友、家人及同事交流自己的想法”文章中并沒有提及，故排除;B)“與外向的人相比，內向的人使用即時通訊會感到更焦慮”，文章倒數第二段提到，研究同樣發現，與外向的研究對象相比，內向的研究對象傷心時使用即時通訊聊天更能得到釋放，B)的邏輯關系與原文相反，故排除;c)“與外向的人相比，內向的人更擅長社交”

六級英語仔細閱讀訓練題及答案相關