It wouldn't be surprising if it were hard to reproduce in other countries， because you couldn'treproduce it in most of the US either. What does it take to make a silicon valley?

　　It is the right people. If you could get the right ten thousand people to move from Silicon Valley toBuffalo， Buffalo would become Silicon Valley.

　　You only need two kinds of people to create a technology hub： rich people and nerds.

　　Observation bears this out： within the US， towns have become startup hubs if and only if theyhave both rich people and nerds. Few startups happen in Miami， for example， because althoughit's full of rich people， it has few nerds. It's not the kind of place nerds like.

　　Whereas Pittsburgh has the opposite problem： plenty of nerds， but no rich people. The top USComputer Science departments are said to be MIT， Stanford， Berkeley， and Carnegie-Mellon.MIT yielded Route 128. Stanford and Berkeley yielded Silicon Valley. But Carnegie-Mellon? Therecord skips at that point. Lower down the list， the University of Washington yielded a high-techcommunity in Seattle， and the University of Texas at Austin yielded one in Austin. But whathappened in Pittsburgh? And in Ithaca， home of Cornell， which is also high on the list?

　　I grew up in Pittsburgh and went to college at Cornell， so I can answer for both. The weather isterrible， particularly in winter， and there's no interesting old city to make up for it， as there is inBoston. Rich people don't want to live in Pittsburgh or Ithaca. So while there are plenty of hackerswho could start startups， there's no one to invest in them.

　　Do you really need the rich people? Wouldn't it work to have the government invest in the nerds?No， it would not. Startup investors are a distinct type of rich people. They tend to have a lot ofexperience themselves in the technology business. This helps them pick the right startups， andmeans they can supply advice and connections as well as money. And the fact that they have apersonal stake in the outcome makes them really pay attention.

　　56.原文第一段第一句反問句“Could you reproduce Silicon Valley elsewhere， or is there somethingunique about it?”可得知答案選A——Its success is hard to copy anywhere else. 選項copy同義改寫原文的reproduce.

　　57.由題干大寫字母Miami定位到原文第五段“Few startups happen in Miami， for example， becausealthough it's full of rich people， it has few nerds. It's not the kind of place nerds like.”由因果關系詞because找到原因——這里既是有很多富裕的人，卻幾乎沒有nerds(癡迷科研的人).所以答案選B——Lack ofthe right kind of talents.

　　58，由題干大寫字母Carnegie-Mellon， MIT， Stanford， Berkeley等定位到第六段，問CM和其他的是哪里有不同.“The top US Computer Science departments are said to be MIT， Stanford， Berkeley， andCarnegie-Mellon. MIT yielded Route 128. Stanford and Berkeley yielded Silicon Valley. But Carnegie-Mellon? The record skips at that point.”原文講到了MIT， Stanford， Berkeley都yielded產生了很有名的science department，而Carnegie-Mellon呢?這個記錄可以直接跳過忽略.言下之意就是CM沒有出名的science department，所以答案選D——It does not pay much attention to business startups.

　　59題，由題干大寫字母Boston定位到倒數第二段.定位句“The weather is terrible， particularly in winter，and there's no interesting old city to make up for it， as there is in Boston”說到了Boston是一個無聊的老城市，而定位句的下一句“So while there are plenty of hackers who could start startups， there's noone to invest in them”說到了這樣的城市無法吸引投資.所以答案選C——It is not likely to attract lots ofinvestors and nerds.

　　60題，由startup investors定位到最后一段.Startup investors不僅富有，他們一般都經驗豐富，而且能給提供一些建議，所以答案選C——They can do more than providing money.

　　61. C——It may prevent your business and career from advancing.

　　62. B——Encourage people to disagree and argue.

　　63. C——To remove misunderstanding.

　　64. D——They take care not to hurt each other's feelings.

　　65. D——Acknowledge their contribution.