英語四級選詞填空真題(一)

　　Section A

　　To get a sense of how women have progressed in science take a quick tour of the physics department at the University of California Berkeley.This is a storied place the 36 of some of the most important discoveries in modern science-starting with Ernest Lawrence's invention of the cvclotron(回旋加速器)in 1931.A generation ago female faces were 37 and.even today,visitors walking through the first floor of LeConte Hall will See a full corridor of exhibits 38 the many distinguished physicists who made history here, 39 all of there white males

　　But climb up to the third floor and you'll see a 40 display.There,among the photos of current facnlty members and students are portraits of the 41 head of the department,Marjorie Shapiro and four other women whose reseaich 42 everything from the mecheanics of the universe to the smallest particles of matter.A sixth woman was hired just two weeks ago.Although they're Still only about 10 percent of the physics faculty,women are clearly a presence here.And the real 43 may be in the smaller photos to the right graduate and undergraduate students about 20 percent of them female.Every years Berkeley sends its fresh female physics PhDs to the country's top universities.That makes Shapiro optimistic but also 44 "I believe things are getting bette "she says "but they're not getting better as 45 as i would like."

　　注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答

　　A)circumstance

　　B)confidence

　　C)covers

　　D)current

　　E)deals

　　F)different

　　G)exposing

　　H)fast

　　I)honoring

　　J)hope

　　K)presently

　　L)rare

　　M)realistic

　　N)site

　　O)virtually

　　英語四級選詞填空真題答案

　　36-45

　　N site

　　L rare

　　I honoring

　　F different

　　D current

　　C covers

　　J hope

　　M realistic

　　H fast

　　英語四級選詞填空真題(二)

　　In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child's language development than mothers, a new study suggests.

　　Researchers __1__ 92 families from 11 child care centers before their children were a year old, interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements. Overall, it was a group of well-educated middle-class families, with married parents both living in the home.

　　When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in free-play sessions with both parents, __2__ all of their speech. The study will appear in the November issue of The Journal of Applied Development of Psychology.

　　The scientists measured the __3__ number of utterances (話語) of the parents, the number of diffe-rent words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other __4__ of their speech. On average, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked.

　　Finally, the researchers __5__ the children's speech at age 3, using a standardized language test. The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mother's level of education, the __6__ of child care and the number of different words the father used.

　　The researchers are __7__ why the father's speech, and not the mother's, had an effect.

　　"It's well __8__ that the mother's language does have an impact," said Nadya Pancsofar, the lead author of the study. It could be that the high-functioning mothers in the study had __9__ had a strong influence on their children's speech development, Ms. Pancsofar said, "or it may be that mothers are __10__ in a way we didn't measure in the study."

　　[A] already

　　[B] analyzed

　　[C] aspects

　　[D] characters

　　[E] contributing

　　[F] describing

　　[G] established

　　[H] quality

　　[I] quoted

　　[J] recording

　　[K] recruited

　　[L] total

　　[M] unconscious

　　[N] unsure

　　[O] yet

　　英語四級選詞填空真題答案

　　1. 【答案】 K

　　【精析】 動詞辨析題。這一句的主語和賓語分別為Researchers和92 families，可見空格處必須是謂語動詞，并且使用過去式。根據文章后半部分提到的這些家庭的狀況和研究情況，可以推斷出該句意為：從11個幼托中心 招募了92個家庭進行研究，因此選擇recruited"征集，招募"。analyzed, established及quoted雖然也都是動詞過去式，但analyzed是"分析"的意思，文章要描述的是對話語的分析，"分析家庭"在這里不符 合句意。established和quoted都不可以和family搭配使用。

　　2. 【答案】 J

　　【精析】 動詞辨析題。句子主謂結構完整，此處需要動詞現在分詞作狀語，表示伴隨狀態。結合上半句所述，研究人員拍攝了孩子們在家里與父母自由玩耍時的情景，后一句 說明了對孩子及父母的語言記錄情況，所以此處選擇recording"記錄"。contributing "貢獻"，不可以和介詞of搭配;describing"描述"， 在此與句子的語境不符合。

　　3 【答案】 L

　　【精析】 形容詞辨析題。此處需要形容詞修飾其后面的名詞number。此句描述了科學家們對這些語言數據的統計分析，此處應該使用一個和數字有關聯的形容 詞，total"全部的，總共的"符合句意。unconscious"失去知覺的，無意識的"，不能用來修飾number一詞，可以排除。

　　4 【答案】 C

　　【精析】 名詞辨析題。此處需要名詞作句子的賓語。句子的謂語為measured，后面有幾個并列的名詞短語作賓語，表述的都是科學家們分析測量的不同方面的語言特 征，aspects有"方面"的意思，用在此處表示其他方面的語言特征，符合句意。characters"特征，特色"，本句前半部分提及是對語言的不同 方面進行測試，而不是測試語言特征。

　　5. 【答案】 B

　　【精析】 動詞辨析題。句子缺少謂語，因此空格處需要填入動詞。句子后半部分提到語言測試，測試的目的從下文看來是為了進行數據分析，找出影響兒童語言發展的因素。根據句意，此處應選擇動詞analyzed"分析，解析"。

　　6. 【答案】 H

　　【精析】 名詞辨析題。此處缺少名詞作句子的賓語，本句中有三個并列的名詞短語作賓語，用來表述測試中影響受試者獲得高分的預示性因素。在兒童教育方面，應該是其質量會對受試者具有影響，名詞quality"質量"符合句意。

　　7. 【答案】 N

　　【精析】 形容詞辨析題。這是一個主系表結構的句子，句子缺少形容詞作表語。從下一段中可以看出，本句表明研究人員并不了解為什么父親對孩子的語言影響巨大，此處應該選形容詞unsure"不肯定的"。

　　8. 【答案】 G

　　【精析】 動詞辨析題。本句使用的是It is...that句型，其中It作形式主語，is后面應接動詞的被動式或形容詞作表語，that引導的是真正的主語。這一句話強調了以上研究并沒有否認 母親對孩子語言的影響，這是已經得到確認的研究結果。因此，選擇established"確定;證實"。這里established是動詞的被動式作形容 詞，意為"確定的，已制定的"。

　　9. 【答案】 A

　　【精析】 副詞辨析題。句子結構完整，空格前有助動詞had，空格后面有動詞had。因此，此處缺少副詞，根據句意推斷此處應選擇副詞already。副詞yet也有"已經"的意思，但yet通常用在否定句或疑問句中，表示"尚，仍然"。

　　10. 【答案】 E

　　【精析】 動詞辨析題。這里缺少動詞，從句中使用了be動詞are，表示現在進行時，應該使用動詞的現在分詞形式。前半句提到母親對孩子語言發展也確實具有影響，后 半句進一步補充說明，科學家們設想可能是在實驗中并沒有測試到母親對孩子語言發展所起到的作用。動詞contribute有"貢獻"的意思，因此應該選擇 contributing。

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