英語四級考試選詞填空專項習題(一)

　　Dr. Matt Capehorn, Clinical Director of the National Obesity Forum, (41) that just one day off from dieting can undo a week's worth of hard work. He told Female First: "A healthy diet, aimed at losing llb per week, relies on saving 3500 calories a week by having 500 calories less each day." "A day off the diet should mean that you eat the correct amount, but many dieters see it as an excuse to binge (大吃大喝 ) and have thousands of calories more than they need. "

　　The results suggest that a (42) 590,000 could already have (43) to stick to New Year diet resolutions.

　　And a vast majority are unaware of the negative impact a single day off can have on their weight loss efforts.

　　Yet (44) it was found only 5 percent of women stick to their diets until they've (45) their target weight.

　　A.massive

　　B.reached

　　C.highlighted

　　D.blamed

　　E.shunning

　　F.still

　　G.released

　　H.lost

　　I.also

　　J.admitted

　　K.treated

　　L.dieted

　　M.overall

　　N .vast

　　O.failed

　　英語四級考試選詞填空專項習題答案

　　36.E

　　語法判斷：exercise后是and，而and前后應為并列結構(又稱平行結構)，因為and后為gorging on comfortfood，所以前面也應當是現在分詞短語，因此應填入現在分詞。備選項中只有shunning是現在分詞，因此答案很明確。

　　語義判斷：shun：(故意或習慣地)避免;回避，躲開。從語義上判斷也是正確的。

　　37.G

　　語法判斷：此處應為定語來修飾fmdings，后為by，而過去分詞既表示被動又可用作后置賓語，所以此處應填入過去分詞。

　　語義判斷：備選的過去分詞或過去式有reached、highlighted、blamed、released、lost、admitted、treated、dieted、failed，但從上下文語義判斷，意思應為：由減重中心XLS醫院發布的調查或研究結果，所以應選擇released。

　　38.N

　　語法判斷：空格前的the是冠詞，空格后的majority是名詞，因此應當填入定語。

　　語義判斷：符合語法條件的詞有很多：massive、reached、highlighted、blamed、lost、admitted、treated、dieted、overall、vast、failed，而avastmajority是個近乎固定的搭配，意為“大多數”，故本題選N。

　　39.J

　　語法判斷：此句缺謂語，后接一個省略了that的賓語從句。可作謂語的選項有reached、highlighted、blamed、lost、admitted、treated、dieted、failed，根據文章，可知只有admitted符合。

　　語義判斷：該句意為：五分之一的節食減肥者承認自己在第四五天的時候就堅持不住了。

　　40.I

　　語法判斷：此句主、謂、賓都不缺，而空格出現在were和blamed之間，所以應為狀語，因而應填入副詞。

　　語義判斷：備選的副詞有still、also和overall，上文提到了饑餓是人們放棄減肥的原因之一，而此處提到單調乏味和酒精的刺激也是讓人們放棄減肥的原因，因而從語義上判斷，只有also符合上下文意。

　　41.C

　　語法判斷：此句缺謂語，應填入動詞，其后接賓語從句。

　　語義判斷：備選的動詞有reached、highlighted、blamed、lost、treated、dieted、failed，但從上下文語義判斷，此處意思應為：國家肥胖論壇醫療主任馬特·凱普霍恩博士強調說，僅僅一天不堅持節食就會毀掉一周的努力。highlighted符合此處語法和語義的要求。

　　42.A

　　語法判斷：a和590，000之間應該是形容詞。

　　語義判斷：備選的形容詞還有massive和overall，從上下文語義判斷massive應為正確選擇。

　　43.O

　　語法判斷：could already have后應為過去分詞。

　　語義判斷：備選的過去分詞有reached、blamed、lost、treated、dieted、failed。從上下文語義判斷，此處的意思應為：調查結果顯示，有多達59萬人可能已經放棄了新年減肥計劃。因而failed是語法判斷和語義判斷后的最佳選擇。

　　44.M

　　語法判斷：此句主、謂、賓完整，應填入副詞。

　　語義判斷：備選的副詞還有still和overall。overall意為“總體上，總的來說”，符合此處的語法和語義要求。

　　45.B

　　語法判斷：空格前面是they’ve，故后面應接過去分詞。

　　語義判斷：空格后為targetweight(目標體重)，故按照語義和固定的搭配來進行判斷，應為reached，即“達到目標體重”。

　　英語四級考試選詞填空專項習題(二)

　　Climate change has claimed its latest victim：Limacina helicina，a planktonic，predatory(捕食的)sea snail that’s a member of the taxonomic group more(36)__________ known as sea butterflies.(The name is(37)__________ from the wing-like lobes(葉瓣)the tiny creatures use to get around.)In a study(38)__________ published in joumal Proceedings of the Royal Society B，a group of scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)and Oregon State University have fQund that the Pacific Ocean’s decreasing pH—its acidifying(酸化)，in other words-is dissolving L.helicina’s thin shells.

　　The researchers collected sea butterfly(39)__________ from 13 sites along the Pacific coast(between Washington and southern CaliforniA.，going over each with a scanning electron microscope.More than half of the shells(53%)from onshore individuals(40)__________ signs of“severe dissolution damage，”while 24%of(41)

　　__________ individuals suffered dissolution damage.The study’s(42)__________ investigator,Dr.NinaBednarsek of NOAA，described the affected L.helicina shells as having a texture not unlike“cauliflower”or“sandpaper.”

　　According to the paper，there was a“strong positive(43)__________ ”between the proportion of sea butterflies with severe shell dissolution damage and“the percentage of　undersaturated(未達到飽和的)water”near the ocean’s surface.The researchers conclude“shell dissolution owing to(human.caused ocean(44)_________has doubled in near shore habitats since pre.industrial conditions across this region and is on track to triple by 2050，”a truly(45)__________ prediction.Moreover,the broader implications for ecosystem are unclear,as damaged shells make it harder for L.helicina to fight infections，stay buoyant，and protect themselves from predators.

　　A.showed

　　B.recently

　　C.protected

　　D.commonly

　　E.derived

　　F.samples

　　G.offshore

　　H.principal

　　I.noticed

　　J.correlation

　　K.encouraging

　　L.seaward

　　M.acidification

　　N.grim

　　O.pollution

　　英語四級考試選詞填空專項習題答案

　　N E B F A G H J M N

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